Abstract

Migration refers to the relocation of individuals from one area to another with the purpose of establishing themselves, either temporarily or permanently, in a different place. This kind of migration can occur between countries or as internal migration within a country, including movements like rural-rural, rural-urban, urban-urban, or urban-rural. People can move as individuals, in family groups, or in large numbers. A person who must relocate from their home to another location because of a natural disaster or civil unrest can be referred to as a refugee. Migrants consistently encounter challenges in integrating fully into the economic, cultural, social, and political aspects of society. This study seeks to comprehend the reasons and characteristics of migration, as well as the gender-specific migration trends in India and the issues associated with them. Children who migrate in India face numerous obstacles that prevent them from attaining education, healthcare, and social inclusion. Regular shifts in residence, language obstacles, and financial issues impact their education, resulting in elevated dropout rates and limited academic advancement. Many of them are dispatched to work, frequently facing exploitation and hazardous working environments while being deprived of the right to education. Socially, they face discrimination and exclusion, impacting their mental wellbeing and confidence. Inadequate health care and malnutrition additionally hinder their physical and mental growth. Gender discrimination exacerbates the situation, as girls in the migrant community encounter additional hurdles such as early marriage and restricted access to education. This study explores the challenges encountered by migrant children in India, evaluates the impact of these challenges on their development, and suggests inclusive strategies to close the gap. Concentrating on policy changes, community involvement, and fair educational systems, the document emphasizes ways to guarantee that migrant children obtain the assistance necessary to flourish and contribute effectively to society.